EU Unveils Final Draft of GPAI Code of Practice Amidst Industry Speculation
The European Commission has unveiled the final draft of the General-Purpose Artificial Intelligence (GPAI) Code of Practice, a significant step in the EU's approach to regulating AI. The release, initially slated for May 2, 2025, was delayed, sparking speculation about industry influence and regulatory tensions.
The term 'general-purpose AI' was introduced by the EU AI Act, not the AI research community. The EU defines it as a 'foundation model' in Article 3(63), trained on broad datasets to support multiple tasks. The EU AI Act, set to take a risk-based regulatory approach, may not fully address the behavior or impact of these models.
The final draft of the GPAI Code of Practice, released on July 10, 2025, aims to guide industry compliance with the AI Act's rules. However, the current version of the EU AI Act focuses on 'Transparency', 'Copyright', and 'Safety and Security', leaving core GPAI issues unaddressed. The iterative drafting process began in October 2024, following a kick-off plenary in September 2024.
The idea of 'artificial general intelligence' was first conceived by the Future of Life Institute before its inclusion in the EU AI Act. Despite this, the EU AI Act has an epistemic and conceptual disconnect in its approach to GPAI.
The EU's GPAI Code of Practice, though delayed, is now available to guide industry compliance with the EU AI Act. However, the Act's current focus areas may not fully address the core challenges posed by general-purpose AI models. Further refinement and clarification in the EU's regulatory approach to GPAI are anticipated.
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